The Modi government adopted a "short-term gains" approach, compared with the erstwhile Manmohan Singh government's "development" approach, which sought to quell extremism through a combination of land reforms and social justice, a process where the gains could only be measured in the long run.
However, all these approaches have suffered from serious lacuna. Even though Manmohan Singh described Naxalism as "the most serious internal security threat", it has not received the commensurate resources.
Unlike the Kashmir insurgency, or those raging in the North East (Naga, Manipur), the Indian Army was always wary of getting sucked into a battle with the Naxalites in the heart of India. With opposition from the armed forces, it was the police and paramilitary forces that shouldered the responsibility of fighting LWE.
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