Looking for Surface Issues
Look for dark areas at the base of the bulb. When bulbs age and have been used for a long time, brown spots will appear. If darkness begins to form at the ends of the tube, the bulb may be near its end. While they may still light, they are wearing out and will die soon. If the darkness only forms on one end of a tube light, flip the tube so the darkened end is on the opposite side of the fixture. If darkness forms on one side of the tube, rotate the tube by 180 degrees from how it used to sit.
Inspect the pins at the end of the bulbs. The pins of the electrode connect the light bulb to the power source. If the pins are bent or misaligned, use needle-nose pliers to straighten them before returning them to the fixture.
Test the bulb in a working fixture. Remove the bulb from the fixture in question and test it in another lamp. If the problem lies within the lamp, the bulb should work in a separate fixture. If testing tube lights, be sure to test both bulbs even if only one is out. Currents travel between both tubes and either could be causing the problem.
Checking the Electrical Components
Check your electrical panel box. Ensure the circuit is not broken. If the breaker has been tripped, push the switch entirely to the off position, and flip the switch back on. Test the lamp again to see if it lights.
Test the electrodes using a multimeter. Using a multimeter will determine if the electrodes still hold conductivity. If the electrodes are not intact, the bulb will not have a current running through it. Place the probes on both pins of the tube light to get an accurate reading. If there is no reading on the multimeter, the bulbs should be replaced.
Replace the starter on the bulb if problems persist. Older fluorescent fixtures will have small metal cylinders called 'starters' on the ends. The starter ignites the gas within the bulb and is crucial for lighting the bulb. Many hardware stores will carry replacements for only a few dollars. Note the wattage of the bulb to ensure the correct starter is purchased. Old starters look no different than new starters, so throw away any starters that have gone bad.
Cleaning the Bulb
Wiggle the bulb in its socket. Rocking the bulb back and forth in small motions can help loosen corrosion and dust that may have gathered near the socket. Clean any leftover residue with a fresh paper towel. Make sure the power is turned off to avoid any electrical damage.
Wipe the bulb with a cloth soaked in dish detergent. Some bulbs will not light if they are covered in dirt or dust. Remove the bulb and gently use a cloth on the surface. When finished, wipe the soap clean with another cloth soaked in water. Be careful handling a fluorescent tube. They’re fragile and have potential to break into shards.
Scrub the pins of the electrode with a fine sandpaper. Clear away any corrosion or residue as you rub the pins. Small particles like these restrict the electric current and may be the source of your trouble. Use a cloth or paper towel to remove any loose particles before returning the bulb to the fixture.
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