New Delhi: India's economy grew at its slowest pace in more than four years in the January-March period, falling behind China's pace for the first time in nearly two years and raising the prospect of fiscal stimulus and a rate cut.
Asia's third largest economy grew at a much slower-than-expected 5.8% in the last quarter, compared with 6.4% in China, government data showed on Friday. The figures were released as Prime Minister Narendra Modi started his second term.
India's Finance Secretary, Subhash Chandra Garg, said the economy could grow "relatively slower" this quarter but would start turning around from the July-September quarter with favourable interest rates and an improvement in liquidity.
He said the last quarter was hurt by weak consumption demand and tepid private investment. Finance ministry sources say new finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman could cut taxes in her first full-year budget on July 5 to boost demand.
The Reserve Bank of India is also expected to reduce interest rates at its June 4-6 policy meeting.
On Friday, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation cut its growth estimate for the fiscal year that ended on March 31 to 6.8%, the lowest in five years, from a previously projected 7%.
Separate data released showed India's unemployment rate rose to 6.1% in the 2017-18 fiscal year, matching data earlier leaked to a newspaper that said it was the highest level in at least 45 years.
Several indicators — automobile sales, rail freight, petroleum product consumption, domestic air traffic and imports — indicate a slowdown in domestic consumption.
Private investment in India grew 7.2% in the March quarter, down from 8.4% in the previous quarter. Capital investment growth slowed to 3.6% from 10.6%, government data showed.
Government spending, however, rose 13.1% in the March quarter from 6.5% ahead of the April-May elections, widening the fiscal deficit in the last financial year.
The farm sector contracted 0.1% in the March quarter compared with 2.7% growth in the previous quarter, while manufacturing grew 3.1%, slower than 6.7% in the previous quarter.
Corporate earnings grew at a six-quarter low of 10.7% during January-March period on weakening consumer sentiment and softening commodity prices, ICRA, the Indian arm of the ratings agency Moody's, said on Tuesday, citing a sample of more than 300 companies.
But many economists and officials expect the government to push long-pending reforms starting in the next parliamentary session beginning on June 17, after its landslide election victory.
"Big-bang" economic programmes in the first 100 days of Modi's second term could focus on privatisation of state assets and relaxation of labour and land rules for businesses, a top official at the government's main think-tank said.
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